Steven-Jonhson Syndrome in a Patient With Dengue Infection in Peru: A Case Report.

Stevens-Johnson syndrome is an infrequent condition affecting the skin and mucous membranes, it involves cutaneous detachment with high mortality without adequate treatment. We present the case of a 40-year-old male with a history of epilepsy treated with valproic acid and lamotrigine, previously diagnosed with dengue. Evaluation showed erythematous blisters on skin and mucosa with bleeding and desquamation, covering 10% of the body surface. The patient progressed favorably with the medical care received. Stevens-Johnson syndrome should be studied in association with arboviral diseases.

Risk Factors Contributing to Reinfection by SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review.

This article aims to systematize the evidence regarding risk factors associated with COVID-19 reinfection. We conducted a systematic review of all the scientific publications available until August 2022. To ensure the inclusion of the most recent and relevant information, we searched the PubMed and Scopus databases. Thirty studies were reviewed, with a significant proportion being analytical observational case-control and cohort studies. Upon qualitative analysis of the available evidence, it appears that the probability of reinfection is higher for individuals who are not fully immunized when exposed to a new variant, females, those with pre-existing chronic diseases, individuals aged over 60, and those who have previously experienced severe symptoms of the disease or are immunocompromised. In conclusion, further analytical observational case-control studies are necessary to gain a better understanding of the risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) reinfection.

Antibiotic prophylaxis compliance differences in surgery and gynecology/obstetrics services in Huánuco, Peru.

Introduction: Surgical site infections (SSIs) can increase mortality and morbidity in patients after surgery. Antibiotic prophylaxis is an effective measure to prevent SSIs, but inappropriate prescription is frequent. The objective of the study was to determine compliance with the clinical practice guideline for antibiotic prophylaxis in the general surgery and gynecology and obstetrics wards in the city of Huánuco, Peru. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out on all surgical interventions in the general surgery and gynecology and obstetrics services during the year 2019. Compliance was determined based on the chosen antibiotic, dose, time of administration, and duration of prophylaxis. Related factors considered were age, presence of co-morbidities, surgery performed, duration of surgery, types of procedure, anesthesia, as well as years as a surgeon and anesthesiologist. Results: A total of 557 medical records of patients with a median age of 33 years undergoing surgery were collected,. Antibiotic prophylaxis was correctly followed in all aspects in 14.6% of cases in the general surgery service and only in 5.6% of cases in the gynecology and obstetrics service. The correct duration of prophylaxis was 11.6% and 19.7% in general surgery and gynecology and obstetrics, respectively. Conclusion: Low compliance with institutional clinical practice guidelines for antibiotic prophylaxis was identified in both services. However, surgical interventions in the general surgery service presented better compliance with antibiotic prophylaxis compared to gynecology and obstetrics procedures.

Compliance with Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Obstetric and Gynecological Surgeries in Two Peruvian Hospitals.

INTRODUCTION: Surgical site infections (SSI) can be as high in gynecology and obstetrics surgeries compared to other areas. Antimicrobial prophylaxis is an effective tool in the prevention of SSIs; however, it is often not adequately administered, so this study aimed to understand the compliance and factors associated with the use of the clinical practice guidelines for antibiotic prophylaxis in gynecological surgeries in two hospitals in the city of Huanuco, Peru. METHODS: An analytical cross-sectional study of all gynecologic surgeries performed during 2019 was performed. Compliance was determined based on the antibiotic chosen, dose, administration time, redosing, and prophylaxis duration. Age, hospital of origin, presence of comorbidities, surgery performed, as well as its duration, types of surgery, and anesthesia were considered as related factors. RESULTS: We collected 529 medical records of patients undergoing gynecological surgery with a median age of 33 years. The prophylactic antibiotic was correctly indicated in 55.5% of cases, and the dose was correct in 31.2%. Total compliance with the five variables evaluated was only 3.9%. Cefazolin was the most commonly used antibiotic. CONCLUSION: Low compliance with the institutional clinical practice guidelines for antibiotic prophylaxis was identified, showing that antimicrobial prophylaxis in the hospitals studied was inadequate.

Contamination by Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria on Cell Phones of Vendors in a Peruvian Market.

Background and Objectives. Multiple studies have evaluated the presence of bacterial contamination on cell phones in clinical settings; however, the presence and transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacteria on cell phones in the community have not been adequately elucidated. Material and Methods. A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the presence of bacteria resistant to antibiotics on the cell phones of vendors in a Peruvian market and the associated factors. A sample of 127 vendors was obtained through stratified probabilistic sampling using a data collection form validated by experts. Cell phone samples were cultured using a standard technique, and antibiotic sensitivity was determined using the Kirby-Bauer technique. Chi-squared and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to determine factors associated with resistance in cell phone cultures. Results. Among the cell phones, 92.1% showed bacterial growth, predominantly Gram-positive bacteria (coagulase-negative staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus), and 17% of the cultures showed resistance to at least three antibiotics evaluated. Two strains fell into the category of methicillin-resistant S. aureus, and three strains of E. coli had resistance to carbapenems. Conclusions. A short distance between customers and vendors, lack of a cell phone case, and having a cell phone with touchscreen are factors associated with antibiotic-resistant bacteria on cell phones.

Factores asociados a la no adherencia al tratamiento antirretroviral en personas con VIH/SIDA / Factors associated with nonadherence to antiretroviral therapy in people with HIV/AIDS

RESUMEN Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre los factores sociales, clínicos, terapéuticos y enfermedades coexistentes con la no adherencia al tratamiento antirretroviral en personas con VIH/SIDA en el 2018. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal con una muestra de 117 personas con VIH/SIDAque reciben tratamiento antirretroviral en el Hospital Daniel Alcides Carrión. Se aplicó el Cuestionario de Evaluación de la Adhesión al Tratamiento antirretroviral (CEAT- VIH), adaptado para su uso en Perú. El análisis se realizó con regresión logística con el programa SPSS versión 23. Resultados: Se evidenció que el 17,10 % de los pacientes mostró no adherencia al tratamiento, y el 82,90 % sí se adhirió a la terapia. Las variables que tienen mayor probabilidad de asociarse a la no adherencia al tratamiento fueron el sexo (OR = 16,175; valor de p = 0,023) y las comorbilidades relacionadas al VIH/SIDA (OR = 9,556; valor de p = 0,003). La variable carga viral inicial (OR = 0,152; valor de p = 0,030) actúa como protectora, ya que existe una mayor probabilidad de adherirse al tratamiento. Conclusiones: El sexo masculino y las comorbilidades relacionadas al VIH/SIDA están asociados a la no adherencia al tratamiento antirretroviral. La variable carga viral inicial actúa como un factor protector para la adherencia al tratamiento.

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the association that social, clinical and therapeutic factors and coexisting diseases have with nonadherence to antiretroviral therapy in people with HIV/AIDS in 2018. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study conducted with a sample of 117 people with HIV/AIDS on antiretroviral therapy at the Hospital Daniel Alcides Carrión. The Questionnaire for the Assessment of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy (CEAT-VIH) adapted for use in Peru was administered. The IBM SPSS Statistics V23 and logistic regression were used for the statistical analysis. Results: Seventeen point one zero percent (17.10 %) of the patients did not adhere to the therapy and 82.90 % adhered to their prescribed treatment. The variables most likely to predict nonadherence were sex (OR = 16.175, p value = 0.023) and HIV/AIDS- related comorbidities (OR = 9.556, p value = 0.003). The initial viral load variable (OR = 0.152, p value = 0.030) acts as a protector because there is a greater probability of treatment adherence. Conclusions: Male sex and HIV/AIDS-related comorbidities are associated with the nonadherence to antiretroviral therapy. The initial viral load variable acts as a protector for treatment adherence.

[Psychological, social and cultural factors associated with organ donation in a in a group of Peruvian adults .] / Factores psicológicos, sociales y culturales relacionados con la donación de órganos en un grupo de adultos peruanos.

Introduction: In the present study were determined the psychological, social and cultural factors that are related to organ donation in a Peruvian sample from the districts of San Isidro, Lince and San Juan de Lurigancho (Lima-Peru). Methods: Observational, retrospective, cross-sectional study controls that included adults between 18-60 years. Districts of Lima of different socioeconomic levels (A, B and C), A - San Isidro, B - Lince, and C - San Juan de Lurigancho were included. The questionnaire was administered to people who indicated they were donors and those who were not according to their district of domicile, with an equitable distribution of the surveyed population and the sectors of each district: San Isidro, Lince and San Juan de Lurigancho (5 sectors), 32 inhabitants for each sector of the district. Results: psychological factor was significantly associated with organ donation (OR = 6.407; p <0.001), altruism and fear of disfiguring the body being the ones with the greatest strength of association to organ donation. Social factors (OR = 0.879; p> 0.05) and cultural factors (OR = 0.659; p> 0.05) were not significantly associated. Major conclusion: The statistically significant associated factor to organ donation in the three districts of Lima was the psychological factor; the social and cultural factor did not show association in the districts evaluated.

Introducción: En el presente estudio se determinaron los factores psicológicos, sociales y culturales que se relacionan con la donación de órganos en una muestra peruana de los distritos de San Isidro, Lince y San Juan de Lurigancho (Lima-Perú). Métodos: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo, transversal que incluyó adultos entre 18-60 años. Se incluyó a tres distritos de Lima de diferentes niveles socioeconómicos (A, B y C), A - San Isidro, B-Lince, C-San Juan de Lurigancho. Se aplicó un cuestionario validado por juicio de expertos y confiabilidad por alfa de Cronbach, valor de 0.72. Se administró el cuestionario personas que indicaron ser donadores y aquellas que no lo fueron según su distrito de domicilio, realizándose una distribución equitativa de la población encuestada y los sectores de cada distrito: San Isidro, Lince y San Juan de Lurigancho (5 sectores), 32 habitantes por cada sector del distrito. Resultados: el factor psicológico se asoció significativamente a la donación de órganos (OR= 6.407; p<0.001) siendo el altruismo y el miedo a la desfiguración del cuerpo los que presentaron la mayor fuerza de asociación a la donación de órganos. Los factores sociales (OR= 0.879; p>0,05) y culturales (OR= 0.659; p>0.05) no se asociaron significativamente. Conclusión principal: El factor asociado estadísticamente significativo a la donación de órganos en los tres distritos de Lima, fue el factor psicológico; el factor social y cultural no presentaron asociación en los distritos evaluados. Resultados: el factor psicológico se asoció significativamente a la donación de órganos (OR= 6.407; p<0.001) siendo el altruismo y el miedo a la desfiguración del cuerpo los que presentaron la mayor fuerza de asociación a la donación de órganos. Los factores sociales (OR= 0.879; p>0,05) y culturales (OR= 0.659; p>0.05) no se asociaron significativamente. Conclusión principal: El factor asociado estadísticamente significativo a la donación de órganos en los tres distritos de Lima, fue el factor psicológico; el factor social y cultural no presentaron asociación en los distritos evaluados.

Índice ceo-d y su relación con la calidad de vida en la salud oral de preescolares de la I.E. Cesar Vallejo de Chorrillos, junio 2018 / The ceo-d index and its relationship with oral health-related quality of life in preschool children of the I.E. César Vallejo, Chorrillos, june 2018

Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre el índice ceo-d y la calidad de vida en la salud oral (CVRSO) de preescolares de la I.E. Cesar Vallejo de Chorrillos - 2018. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional y transversal que evaluó a 118 niños de 3 a 5 años. Se registró la experiencia de caries dental con el índice ceo-d y la encuesta ECOHIS para la percepción de la calidad de vida en salud oral. Las pruebas estadísticas empleadas fueron t de Student, Kruskal-Wallis y U Mann-Whitney, con nivel de significancia 0,05; y coeficiente Spearman 0,01. Resultados: El promedio del índice ceo-d (6,60 ± 3,95) indica un nivel de severidad muy alto y frecuencia 88,98 %. El ECOHIS reflejó un impacto negativo en la calidad de vida en salud oral (21,72 ± 14,15), y una alta frecuencia (85,59 %); la dimensión más frecuente fue limitación funcional 83,90 %. Según el coeficiente de Spearman, existe una relación directa positiva moderada significativa (r=0,682) entre las variables caries dental y calidad de vida; y demuestra en esta relación que su predominio radica en el sexo femenino con 21,83 ± 12,56, y el grupo de 5 años que obtuvo 33,67 ± 11,17, ambos estadísticamente significativos (p=0,000). Conclusiones: La caries dental genera un impacto negativo en la calidad de vida y afecta las diversas actividades de los niños, así como también, repercute en su familia y su entorno. Al haber un incremento del número de caries dental y su severidad, habrá un mayor impacto negativo en la calidad de vida, que se agrava a mayor edad y que tiene una mayor predisposición en las niñas

Objective: To determine the relationship between the ceo-d index and the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in preschool children of the I.E. César Vallejo, Chorrillos - 2018. Materials and methods: An observational and cross-sectional study, which evaluated 118 children aged 3 to 5 who registered dental caries according to the ceo-d index and the ECOHIS survey for the perception of oral health-related quality of life. The statistical tests used in the research were the Student´s t test, Kruskal-Wallis H test and Mann-Whitney U test, with a significance level of 0.05 and a Spearman coefficient of 0,01. Results: The average of the ceo-d index was 6,60 ± 3,95, which indicates a very high level of severity, and a frequency of 88.98 %. The ECOHIS survey showed a negative impact (21,72 ± 14,15) and a high frequency (85.59 %) on the oral health- related quality of life. The most frequent dimension was "functional limitation" (83.90 %). According to the Spearman coefficient, there is a significant moderate positive direct relationship (r = 0,682) between the variables "dental caries" and "quality of life". This relationship prevails in the female (21.83 ± 12.56) and 5-year-old (33.67 ± 11.17) groups,, both of which were statistically significant (p = 0.000). Conclusions: Dental caries generate a negative impact on the quality of life that affects the various activities of children, and has repercussions on their family and environment. The larger the number of dental caries and severity, the greater negative impact on the quality of life. This condition worsens with increasing age, and girls are more prone to have it

Caries dental y sus consecuencias clínicas relacionadas al impacto en la calidad de vida de preescolares de una escuela estatal / Dental caries and its clinical consequences related to the impact on the quality of life of preschoolers of a state school

Objetivo: Determinar la presencia de caries dental y sus consecuencias clínicas relacionadas al impacto en la calidad de vida de preescolares de la institución educativa N° 2051 El Progreso en el 2018. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal y observacional. Se realizó una exploración clínica a 95 niños de 3-5 años, registrando la caries dental mediante los índices ceo-d y pufa. Se aplicó el ECOHIS dirigido a los responsables, para evaluar el impacto en la calidad de vida de los niños y sus familias. Las pruebas estadísticas utilizadas fueron t-Student, Kruskal-Wallis y U Mann-Whitney, con significancia 0,05; y Coeficiente de Spearman 0,01. Resultados: La frecuencia de caries dental 98,84%, con índice ceo-d 9,58±3,45 correspondiente al nivel de severidad muy alto; y las consecuencias clínicas de caries dental no tratada 83,16%, índice pufa 7,65±4,97 y radio pufa 83,18%. El ECOHIS mostró un promedio 23,41±11,82, siendo las dimensiones más afectadas limitación funcional y aspectos psicológicos, reflejando un impacto negativo en la calidad de vida relacionada a su salud bucal. Según el coeficiente de Spearman, la relación entre la presencia de caries dental (r=0,630) y sus consecuencias clínicas (r=0,649), con el impacto en la calidad de vida, muestran una correlación directa positiva moderada significativa (p=0,000). Los índices del sexo masculino fueron ceo-d 24,46±12,11 y pufa 28,88±7,03; y del grupo de 5 años fueron ceo-d 29,71±6,30 y pufa 29,71±6,30. Conclusiones: La caries dental y sus consecuencias clínicas están relacionadas al impacto negativo en la calidad de vida a nivel bucal de los preescolares, interfiriendo en sus actividades diarias.

Objectives: To determine the presence of dental caries and its clinical consequences related to the impact on the quality of life of preschool children of the educational institution N° 2051 El Progreso in 2018. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional and observational study. A clinical examination was performed on 95 children aged 3-5 years, recording dental caries by means of the ceo-d and pufa indexes. The ECOHIS was applied to those responsible, to assess the impact on the quality of life of children and their families. The statistical tests used were t-Student, Kruskal-Wallis and U Mann-Whitney, with significance 0.05; and Spearman coefficient 0.01. Results: The frequency of dental caries 98.84%, with ceo-d index 9.58 ± 3.45 corresponding to the level of very high severity; and the clinical consequences of untreated dental caries 83.16%, index pufa 7.65 ± 4.97 and radio frequency 83.18%. The ECOHIS showed an average of 23.41 ± 11.82, the dimensions most affected being functional limitation and psychological aspects, reflecting a negative impact on the quality of life related to oral health. According to the Spearman coefficient, the relationship between the presence of dental caries (r = 0.630) and its clinical consequences (r = 0.649), with the impact on quality of life, show a positive direct correlation moderate significant (p = 0.000). The male sex indexes were ceo-d 24.46 ± 12.11 and pufa 28.88 ± 7.03; and of the group of 5 years were ceo-d 29.71 ± 6.30 and pufa 29.71 ± 6.30. Conclusions: Dental caries and its clinical consequences are related to the negative impact on the quality of life at the oral level of preschoolers, interfering with their daily activities.

Determinantes de micosis pulmonares prevalentes en pacientes con sintomatología de enfermedad respiratoria crónica baja. Alto Huallaga, 2004 - 2005 / Determinants of pulmonary Mycosis prevalent in patients with symptoms of chronic lower respiratory disease. Alto Huallaga, 2004-2005

Objetivo: Establecer los determinantes de las micosis pulmonares prevalentes, en pacientes con sintomatología de enfermedad respiratoria crónica baja del Alto Huallaga, (Zona de Selva de los departamentos de Huánuco y San Martín), Perú. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio de casos y controles. Los casos fueron la totalidad de pacientes con enfermedades respiratorias crónicas bajas con prueba de inmunodifusión positiva para Histoplasma Capsulatum y/o Paraccocidiodes brasiliensis y/o Aspergilussp. y/o Aspergillus Fumigatus; de seis distritos (Rupa Rupa, Tocache, Uchiza, Santa Lucia, Aucayacu y Puerto Inca-Sungaro, que corresponden a las provincias de Leoncio Prado, Puerto Inca y Tocache, consideradas zonas tropicales y endémicas a micosis profundas y oportunistas), atendidos en los establecimientos de salud del MINSA y ESSALUD de los mencionados distritos, siendo 52 casos y el grupo de controles conformado por pacientes con enfermedades respiratorias crónicas bajas con prueba de inmunodifusión negativa para Histoplasma Capsulatum y/o Paraccocidiodes brasiliensis y/o Aspergilussp. y/o Aspergillus Fumigatus, siendo 116 controles incluidos en el estudio, a cada persona se le realizó el llenado de una ficha clínica-epidemiológica. Resultados: De 168 casos, 92 (54,76 por ciento) fueron de sexo femenino, edad promedio 47,62±2,9 años y tiempo de enfermedad de 7,4±14,8 meses. Los casos serológicamente positivos de micosis pulmonar fueron 15 Histoplasma capsulatum y 37 Aspergilosis spp. No se obtuvieron casos positivos de Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. En el análisis bivariado, sólo se encontró asociación con los factores procedencia zona rural (p=0,000), ingreso económico menor de 500 soles (p=0,002), visita a cueva (p=0,000) y agricultura básica (p=0,000). En el análisis multivariado de regresión logística se encontró asociación con los factores procedencia zona rural (p=0,000) y visita a cueva (p=0,000). Conclusiones: Se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa...

Objective: To establish the determinants of pulmonary mycosis prevalent in patients with symptoms of chronic lower respiratory disease Alto Huallaga (Forest Area departments Huanuco and San Martin), Peru. Materials and Methods: A case-control study. The cases were all patients with chronic lower respiratory diseases with positive immunodiffusion test for Histoplasma capsulatum and/or Paraccocidiodes brasiliensis and/or Aspergillus sp. and/or Aspergillus fumigatus, six districts (Rupa Rupa, Tocache Uchiza, Santa Lucia, Aucuyacu and Puerto Inca-Sungaro, corresponding to the provinces of Leoncio Prado, Puerto Inca and Tocache considered endemic to tropical and deep mycosis opportunistic) treated in MOH health facilities and ESSALUD of said districts, with 52 cases and the control group consisted of patients with chronic lower respiratory disease with negative immunodiffusion test for Histoplasma capsulatum and/or Paraccocidiodes brasiliensis and/or Aspergillus sp. and/or Aspergillus fumigatus, with 116 controls included in the study, each person underwent filling a clinical-epidemiological profile. Results: Of 168 cases, 92 (54.76 per cent) were female, mean age 47.62±2.9 years and disease duration of 7.4±14.8 months. Serologically positive cases of pulmonary mycosis were 15 and 37 Histoplasma capsulatum Aspergillosis spp. There were no positive cases of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. In the bivariate analysis, only found association with rural origin factors (p=0.000), income less than 500 soles (p=0.002), cave visit (p=0.000) and basic agriculture (p=0.000). In multivariate logistic regression analysis found the factors associated with rural origin (p=0.000) and cave visit (p=0.000). Conclusions: We found a statistically significant association, through multivariate analysis, with a history of pulmonary mycosis and chronic lower respiratory symptoms to factors origin (rural area), OR 25.2, Cl 95 per cent (9.7; 65.0), visit the cave owls, OR 6.1, Cl 95 per cent...

Seroprevalencia de micosis pulmonares en pacientes con sintomatología de enfermedad respiratoria crónica baja: Alto Huallaga, Perú 2004 / Pulmonary mycosis seroprevalence in patients with chronic low respiratory symptomatology: Alto Huallaga, Peru 2004

Objetivo: Detectar por serología la presencia de micosis de localización pulmonar (Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Aspergillus sp. e Histoplasma capsulatum), en pacientes con síntomas de enfermedad respiratoria crónica. Diseño: Estudio transversal. Lugar: Alto Huallaga (selva de los departamentos de Huánuco y San Martín), Perú. Pacientes: Se incluyó personas procedentes de seis distritos (Rupa Rupa, Tocache, Uchiza, Santa Lucia, Aucayacu y Puerto Inca - Sungaro) con diagnóstico de enfermedad respiratoria crónica baja, tres episodios o más de bronquitis al año y/o tos con expectoración por más de tres meses y en quienes se descartó tuberculosis pulmonar mediante baciloscopia directa. Intervenciones: Por cada persona se llenó una ficha clínica-epidemiológica durante abril a septiembre de 2004, seguido de la toma de una muestra de suero (10 mL) para las pruebas de inmunodifusión para Histoplasma capsulatum, Paraccocidiodes brasiliensis, Aspergilus sp, y Aspergillus fumigatus. Principales medidas de resultados: Seroprevalencia de micosis a Histoplasma capsulatum, Aspergilosis spp. y Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Resultados: De 640 casos, 327 (51,1 por ciento) fueron de sexo masculino, edad promedio 37,1 años y tiempo de enfermedad de 7,4 meses. La seroprevalencia de micosis fue 1,7 por ciento (11/640): 4 Histoplasma capsulatum y 7 Aspergilosis spp. No se obtuvo casos positivos de Paracoccidioides brasiliensis y, en los casos positivos, solo se encontró asociación con 'baja de peso' (p = 0,004). Conclusión: Si bien la frecuencia micoserológica obtenida fue baja, se sugiere en esta zona endémica considerar a las micosis dentro del diagnóstico diferencial de casos con enfermedades respiratorias crónicas bajas, así como la utilización de técnicas de inmunodifusión para el diagnóstico de estas etiologías.

Objective: To detect lung mycosis (Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Aspergillus sp., and Histoplasma capsulatum) with chronic respiratory disease symptoms (Huanuco and San Martin departments forest). Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Peru's Alto Huallaga . Patients: Study done in six districts' (Rupa Rupa, Tocache, Uchiza, Santa Lucia, Aucayacu and Puerto Inca - Sungaro) subjects with diagnosis of chronic respiratory disease, three or more episodes of bronchitis per year and/or cough for over three months in whom pulmonary tuberculosis was screened by direct baciloscopy. Interventions: Each subject had a clinical epidemiological card filled and 10 mL of blood was collected for immunodiffusion test for Histoplasma capsulatum, Paraccocidiodes brasiliensis, and Aspergilus sp, between April and September 2004. Main outcome mesasures: Mycosis seroprevalence, including Histoplasma capsulatum, Aspergilus spp., and Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Results: From 640 cases, 327 (51,1 per cent) were males, avegare age 37,1 years and time of disease 7,4 months. Mycosis seroprevalence was 1,7 per cent (11/640), including 4 Histoplasma capsulatum and 7 Aspergilus spp. No positive cases of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis was obtained and the positive cases were associated only to 'low weight' (p = 0,004). Conclusion: Although the mycosis serologic frequency was low, we suggest to consider mycosis in the differential diagnosis of cases with chronic respiratory diseases in endemic zones, as well as the use of immunodiffusion techniques for diagnosis.